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AP Trending SummaryBrief at 3:56 p.m. ESTIn his address at the launch of INDIA’S WORLD — a magazine focused on India’s foreign policy — on December 15, external affairs minister S Jaishankar made an unconventional argument. He urged members of the strategic community assembled at the India International Centre to “listen to the street” when reflecting on and writing about India’s foreign policy. The subtext of Jaishankar’s comments was that, despite major domestic transformations like economic reforms, the discussions and debates among India’s strategic elite fail to reflect the domestic political pulse and the sentiments of the general public. In his opinion, one important way to think about foreign policy is to observe how society in general thinks about the world around it and makes its own choices, which have implications for the country’s foreign policy. Put differently, he appeared to argue that there is a growing gulf between the core belief systems of the country’s strategic elite, primarily based in New Delhi, and how the public views India’s engagement with the world. The conventional view about “listening to the street” on foreign policy matters is deeply conservative. The consensus among pundits is that thinking about foreign policy is an esoteric business confined to elite chambers of experts and former officials — also called the strategic community. At the level of practice, foreign policy becomes more exclusive, keeping out even the strategic community from the act of policymaking. Let us unpack this point a bit more. It is useful to think about foreign policy at three levels. The first level, or Track One, as Jaishankar called it, operates primarily at the official level that is largely closed to outsiders and primarily functions as a bureaucratic exercise, with final decisions made by politicians elected to office. The second level is the strategic community, which contributes to foreign policy through research, debates, lessons from history, and long-term scenarios. The strategic community is expected to produce innovative solutions to foreign policy challenges and provide critical long-term analyses of the country’s foreign policy trajectory. This is, however, not often the case, or as Jaishankar argued, Track Two routinely lags Track One. Put differently, what use of a strategic community for the government that merely endorses official policies? There are several reasons why Track Two lags Track One, two of which are key to the argument here. For one, a surprisingly large number of members of the strategic community often find themselves caught between the necessity of independent and creative thinking and the constraints of institutional legacy, as many of them are former officials. The second reason is that members of the Indian strategic community with little government experience — due to the limited interaction between serving officials and researchers in India — tend to fail in producing policy-relevant research and studies. The result is obvious: Foreign policy innovations or out-of-the-box solutions are hardly produced by the strategic community. The third level of foreign policy thinking takes place at the level of the general public, or as Jaishankar described it, “the street”. Clearly, the public does not engage with foreign policy in a traditional sense, but their views may provide valuable insights to shape the broader directions of India’s foreign policy. Consider the following examples. The general sentiments of the Indian society toward another country, such as towards European countries, Canada or the United States (US), can reveal important insights into societal preferences, and how the beliefs of the strategic community may differ from those of the general public. Remnants of anti-Americanism or India’s problems with Canada, for example, are not something that we would find reflected in the attitudes or choices of Indians at large. In fact, it is often the case that members of our strategic community hold conflicting strategic and personal beliefs. Major business houses and even small-scale traders in the country, with little direct interest in foreign policy or strategic issues, may be pursuing activities — such as the fact that domestic private defence manufacturers primarily selling to the US or the growing interactions between Indian industries and the global tech services sector — which have foreign policy/strategic implications. Delhi’s strategic elite often overlooks such phenomena. The significance of the street does not diminish the fact that foreign policy cannot be shaped solely by public sentiment or opinion surveys (remember the Brexit shocker in the United Kingdom?), as the general public is often not fully informed of the nuances involved in policymaking. However, Jaishankar’s larger point that foreign policy cannot be formulated without considering societal preferences and trends is still valid. A society’s broader directions — such as technological developments, patterns of migration, and economic and cultural choices — will eventually influence foreign policy. Therefore, while governments may not base their policies solely on the changing mood of the street, this indeed serves as an important indicator of societal preferences that should be taken into account during policy deliberations. Jaishankar’s argument offers important lessons for the country’s strategic elite, two of which, in my opinion, are particularly crucial. First, the Indian strategic community cannot operate in a self-created epistemic vacuum, detached from both the government and the general public. That is a sure path to irrelevance. Second, the definition of what constitutes foreign policy or strategic issues must be reconsidered. To be sure, these matters are no longer esoteric or to be treated as a special class of issues but should be continuously informed by insights from “the street”. The more elite our strategic community becomes, the more irrelevant it may become. Happymon Jacob teaches India’s foreign policy at JNU, and is the editor of INDIA’S WORLD. The views expressed are personal
Judge orders Anza-based Christian college to cease operating, revokes licenseThe San Francisco 49ers must win against the Los Angeles Rams if they want to have a realistic chance of making the playoffs. It's as simple as that. Lose, and their playoff odds drop to under a percent, per The New York Times . It's all hands on deck then, with Dre Greenlaw returning from his Super Bowl Achilles injury and Nick Bosa reportedly likely to end his three-game absence. Those will be critical reinforcements as the 49ers look to slow down a red hot Rams offense, but there are several other factors that will have a big say in deciding a do-or-die divisional clash. Moore's biggest test The 49ers have traditionally struggled mightily to win games without Trent Williams. That has remained the case during his absence from an ankle injury as the Niners have gone 1-2. However, his deputy Jaylon Moore has played objectively well, vindicating the 49ers' faith in him as their swing tackle with a series of strong displays. Moore has allowed five pressures, per Pro Football Focus, and has five blown blocks as a pass protector, per Sports Info Solutions. Yet he has not allowed a sack and has excelled as a run blocker. The 2021 fifth-round pick does not have a blown block in the run game and, over the last three weeks, Moore ranks eighth among tackles in PFF run block grade. But a Rams defensive front that has hit its stride in recent weeks will provide a much bigger test, with the challenge primarily set to come from rookie first-round pick Jared Verse, who ranks sixth among defensive ends with at least 10 pressures in pressure rate (18.1%) and is first in the SIS points saved metric against the run among players at his position with at least five tackles. Verse has played the vast majority of his snaps on the right edge, meaning Moore can expect to see an awful lot of a dynamic young pass rusher with a powerful bull rush who also defends the run extremely well. How he handles that challenge could have an outsized impact on the outcome of the game. Defensive line depth pieces key amid Bosa's potential return Regardless of whether Bosa makes his return, there will be a huge onus on the 49er defensive line to get Matthew Stafford and the Los Angeles offense out of rhythm after the Rams' incredible showing on that side of the ball in their shootout win over the Buffalo Bills. San Francisco tallied seven sacks of Caleb Williams in last week's blowout of the Chicago Bears. Three of those came from NFC Defensive Player of the Week Yetur Gross-Matos, who produced an excellent demonstration of why the Niners bet on his athleticism this past offseason. The 49ers have largely weirdly gone away from stunts or any semblance of anything creative up front this season. They were more varied against the Bears, and hey it worked. More of this with Bosa back in the mix with two other DL playing well in Floyd and Gross-Matos. pic.twitter.com/e2oE0GtcOo Two of those sacks came as a result of Gross-Matos' power and effort, but his first was the product of a well-designed stunt, the kind of which the 49ers have utilized too little this season in Nick Sorensen's first season as the defensive coordinator. With former Ram Leonard Floyd registering 5.5 sacks in the last four games and Gross-Matos impressing, the 49ers have the firepower up front to cause Los Angeles problems. Their abilities in that regard will obviously be greatly increased if Bosa is able to go, and his return would facilitate the Niners getting greater usage of Gross-Matos as an interior pass rusher to take some of the strain off a defensive tackle group that, outside of Maliek Collins, has struggled to disrupt the pocket. Gross-Matos' flexibility stood out throughout against the Bears. With the interior DL struggling to create much disruption, outside of Maliek Collins, his versatility to play inside and out will be key tonight. pic.twitter.com/OigXB7zxzj What the 49ers do have on the interior is an excellent rookie run defender. Undrafted free agent Evan Anderson ranks seven among defensive tackles with at least five tackles in points saved per play against the run, and he is fourth in run stop rate (12.8%) among interior defensive linemen with a minimum of 50 run defense snaps. Gross-Matos has also impressed in that area, consistently showcasing himself as one of the 49ers' best edge-setters. Gross-Matos is also quietly one of the 49ers' better run defenders. pic.twitter.com/OrTfMfwSqR In a matchup with a running back in Kyren Williams who ground the Niners down in the Week 3 meeting and two stellar wide receivers in Cooper Kupp and Puka Nacua, the 49ers' success in being able to limit the Los Angles rushing attack and key in on Stafford will be crucial. Though much of the focus is on Bosa's return, D-Line depth pieces such as Gross-Matos and Anderson figure to have huge roles to play. Can Deebo silence the doubters? Deebo Samuel may say he isn't struggling. However, when you take the step to post that on social media, it's a clear sign you're struggling. Both Kyle Shanahan and Brock Purdy showed support for Samuel following his hastily deleted tweet about not getting the ball, the latter expressing a desire to get him more touches. And history says that would be a wise move. In nine games against the Rams (regular season & post), he has 794 scrimmage yards and seven touchdowns. He also threw a passing touchdown against Los Angeles in 2021 in a de-facto Week 18 playoff game. When the 49ers have had their backs against the wall in games with the Rams, Samuel has typically delivered. San Francisco did not have him available in their Week 3 defeat at SoFi Stadium but, with George Kittle and Jauan Jennings each performing to a standard that should see them command plenty of attention from the Los Angeles defense, the opportunities should be there for Samuel to do damage both in the underneath passing game and out of the backfield as a runner and a receiver. The stage is set for another vintage Samuel exhibition against the Rams. If he can save the 49ers' season, that would emphatically silence the doubters. This article first appeared on A to Z Sports and was syndicated with permission.
Asia-Pacific markets are set to open lower on the second last day of the year, tracking Wall Street's declines on Friday. Asia-Pacific markets were set to open lower on the penultimate trading day of this year, after Wall Street declined on Friday. > 24/7 San Diego news stream: Watch NBC 7 free wherever you are Australia's S&P/ASX 200 traded 0.3% lower in its first hour of trade. Japan's Nikkei 225 futures pointed to a weaker open for the market, with the futures contract in Chicago at 40,210 compared to the index's previous close of 40,281.16. This week, traders await China's manufacturing PMI on Tuesday, while markets will be closed on Wednesday for New Year's Day holiday. U.S. stocks fell Friday, led by technology names, but major indexes still rose for the week. The blue-chip Dow Jones Industrial Average shed 333.59 points, or 0.77%, to 42,992.21, falling for the first time in six sessions. The S&P 500 fell 1.11% to 5,970.84. The Nasdaq Composite slid 1.49% to 19,722.03, as Tesla dropped about 5% and Nvidia fell 2%. Money Report Stock futures inch lower as Wall Street readies for the final trading week of 2024: Live updates ‘Noctourism' is expected to be a big travel trend in 2025 —CNBC's Yun Li and Pia Singh contributed to this report. Also on CNBC 10-year Treasury yield rises, hovering near a seven-month high Japan's cabinet approves record $730 billion budget for next fiscal year China's industrial profits extend decline to a fourth straight month, dropping 7.3% in NovemberManchester United Foundation to be targeted in Ratcliffe costs purge
From AI Visionary to Industry Leader: Himanshu Sinha on Transforming Enterprises with Machine Learning and Generative AID램 가격 하락에 미국 제재까지... 한국에 일찍 온 반도체의 겨울 Published: 18 Dec. 2024, 07:03 A man rests at the booth for Chinese DRAM producer ChangXin Memory Technologies during the 21st China International Semiconductor Expo in Beijing, Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2024. [AP/YONHAP] 2024년 11월 20일 베이징에서 열린 제21회 중국 국제 반도체 박람회에서 중국 D램 제조사 창신메모리테크놀로지스 부스에서 한 남성이 쉬고 있다. [AP=연합뉴스] Winter comes early for Korean chipmakers amid DRAM crash and U.S. sanctions D램 가격 하락에 미국 제재까지... 한국에 일찍 온 반도체의 겨울 Korea JoongAng Daily 5면 기사 Tuesday, Dec. 10, 2024 Winter looms for Korean chipmakers as dynamic random access memory (DRAM) prices continue their free fall, compounded by new export restrictions from the United States. loom: (주로 부정적인 것이) 나타나다, 다가오다 free fall: 자유낙하, 급락 compound: 악화시키다 한국 반도체 제조사에 겨울이 다가오고 있다. D램 가격이 계속 폭락하고 있고 미국의 새로운 수출 규제가 상황을 더욱 악화시키고 있기 때문이다. Leadership turmoil in the country triggered by last week’s emergency martial law declaration also hasn’t helped reassure investors. turmoil: 혼란 triggered by: ~로 인한, ~로 촉발된 reassure: 안심시키다 지난주 비상계엄령 선포로 인한 국가의 리더십 혼란 또한 투자자들을 안심시키는 데 도움이 되지 않았다. Nomura Securities downgraded the target share prices of both Samsung Electronics and SK hynix on Monday, citing weak price for commodity DRAM and NAND chips. downgrade: 하향 조정하다 target share price: 목표주가 노무라 증권은 월요일(12월 9일) 삼성전자와 SK하이닉스의 목표 주가를 하향 조정하면서 범용 D램과 낸드 반도체의 가격 하락을 이유로 들었다. “The actual magnitude of commodity DRAM and NAND price weakness is likely to be bigger than we had expected for 2025,” Nomura Securities stated in a report on Samsung Electronics on Monday. actual: 실질적인 magnitude: 규모 노무라 증권은 “범용 D램과 낸드의 2025년 가격 약세의 실질적인 규모가 우리의 기존 전망치보다 크다”고 월요일 삼성전자에 관한 보고서에서 밝혔다. “We believe the impact of DRAM commodity price weakness is likely to be relatively greater for Samsung Electronics.” impact: 영향 relatively: 상대적으로 또 “우리는 범용 D램 가격 약화는 상대적으로 삼성전자에 더 영향이 클 것이라고 생각한다”고 전했다. Nomura revised its target price for Samsung Electronics from 88,000 won to 72,000 won and that of SK hynix from 280,000 won to 270,000 won. revise: 조정하다 노무라는 삼성전자의 목표 주가를 8만8000원에서 7만2000원으로, SK하이닉스의 목표 주가를 28만원에서 27만원으로 조정했다. Commodity DRAM prices, particularly those of the legacy Double Data Rate 4 (DDR4) chips that Chinese players dominate, have plummeted in recent months. particularly: 특히 legacy: 구형의 dominate: 장악하다 plummet: 급락하다 범용 D램 가격, 특히 중국 업체들이 장악하고 있는 구형DDR4 반도체 가격dms 최근 몇 달 동안 급락했다. The average transaction price of DDR4 8GB 1Gx8 dropped by 35.7 percent from $2.10 in July to $1.35 in November, according to DRAMeXchange data, marking the lowest figure in more than a year for the price, which had averaged $1.30 in September 2023. drop: 하락하다 mark: 기록하다 D램 익스체인지 데이터에 따르면 DDR4 8GB 1Gx8의 평균 거래 가격은 7월 2.10달러에서 11월 1.35달러로 35.7% 하락했으며, 이는 2023년 9월 평균 1.30달러를 기록한 이래 1년 이상 동안 가장 낮은 것이다. Chinese companies like ChangXin Memory Technologies and JHICC are disrupting the global legacy DRAM market by selling products for around $1 — half their market price, industry reports say. disrupt: 급격한 변화를 가져오다, 파괴하다 market price: 시장가격 업계 보고서들에 따르면, 중국 창신메모리테크놀로지스와 JHICC와 같은 기업이 자사 제품을 시장 가격의 절반 수준인 약 1달러에 판매하고 있어 구형 D램 시장에 급격한 변화를 가져오고 있다. Samsung Electronics also acknowledged during its third quarter earnings call that the influx of Chinese players into the legacy DRAM market had significantly impacted its earnings. acknowledge: 인정하다 earnings: 실적, 수익 influx: 진출, 밀어닥침 삼성전자도 3분기 실적 발표에서 중국 기업들의 구형 D램 시장 진출이 자사 수익에 상당한 영향을 미쳤다고 인정했다. Last year, the DRAM industry suffered an unprecedented supply glut following inaccurate demand forecasts, prompting major memory chipmakers to cut production. unprecedented: 전례없는, 전대미문의 supply glut: 공급과잉 inaccurate: 부정확한 지난해 D램 업계는 부정확한 수요 예측에 따른 전례없는 공급 과잉을 겪었고, 이에 주요 메모리 반도체 제조업체들이 생산량을 줄였다. While the production cuts took effect in the second half of 2023, the recovery faced renewed hurdles, including sluggish IT demand and Chinese competition, and began trending downward in August of this year. took effect: 시행하다 recovery: 회복, 회복세 renewed: 새로운 trend downward: 하락세로 접어들다 이러한 감산 조치는 2023년 하반기부터 시행됐으나, IT 수요 부진과 중국과의 경쟁 심화 등 새로운 장애물에 직면해 지난 8월부터 회복세가 다시 하락세로 돌아서기 시작했다. WRITTEN BY JIN EUN-SOO TRANSLATED BY PARK EUN-JEE [ [email protected] , [email protected] ]] var admarutag = admarutag || {} admarutag.cmd = admarutag.cmd || [] admarutag.cmd.push(function () { admarutag.pageview('3bf9fc17-6e70-4776-9d65-ca3bb0c17cb7'); });
San Francisco names street for Associated Press photographer who captured the iconic Iwo Jima photo
