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Dec 05, 2024 Octahedral DNA origami with nanopores enhances protein detection at low levels ( Nanowerk News ) SMU Lyle mechanical engineering graduate student Kamruzzaman Joty has introduced a groundbreaking new technique in nanotechnology for detecting and analyzing biomolecules, potentially paving the way for new methods of early disease detection. The study, recently featured on the cover of Analytical Chemistry ( "DNA Origami Incorporated into Solid-State Nanopores Enables Enhanced Sensitivity for Precise Analysis of Protein Translocations" ), integrates octahedral DNA origami structures with solid-state nanopores to significantly improve the detection of proteins, especially those that are present in low concentrations. “This work could pave the way for developing advanced biosensing technologies, with potential applications in biomedical research and diagnostic tools – especially for diseases marked by low-abundance protein biomarkers,” Joty said. Nanopores are tiny holes that can detect individual molecules as they pass through, making them ideal tools for analyzing biomolecules like DNA and proteins. However, detecting proteins at very low concentrations – such as those found in early stages of diseases – has been a challenge. Joty and his research team determined that combining the precision of DNA origami with the robustness of solid-state nanopores could create a “hybrid nanopore” system, enabling more precise analysis. DNA origami is a method where DNA strands are folded into specific shapes, like an octahedron, to enhance the nanopore’s ability to capture and sense proteins. In the study, the researchers used holo human serum transferrin as a model protein to show how the hybrid nanopore could outperform traditional nanopores in sensitivity and detection accuracy. Many diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, are characterized by proteins that are present in very small amounts, making them difficult to detect early. The hybrid nanopore’s ability to sense these low-abundance proteins could lead to earlier diagnoses and better treatment outcomes. “In the future, we will focus on refining the design of DNA origami structures and nanopore configurations to further enhance sensitivity and broaden the range of detectable biomolecule,” Joty said. “This exciting work could lead to innovations in drug discovery, disease diagnostics, and fundamental biological research.” Source: Southern Methodist University (Note: Content may be edited for style and length)Ranchi, Nov 23 (PTI) Following are the results of the significant candidates in the Jharkhand assembly elections: Winners * Hemant Soren -- The Jharkhand CM increased his margin in the Barhait seat as compared to the last assembly elections. He defeated BJP candidate Gamliyel Hembrom by a margin of 39,791 votes this time. In 2019, he had won the constituency by 25,740 votes. He had to resign as the CM in January before being arrested by the ED in a money laundering case. He was released on bail by the high court in June, and in July, he returned as the chief minister of the state, replacing Champai Soren. * Kalpana Soren -- The chief minister's wife won the Gandey seat by a margin of 17,142 votes, defeating BJP's Muniya Devi. She first won the seat in a bypoll on June 4 after it fell vacant following the resignation of JMM MLA Sarfaraz Ahmad. She is credited with revitalising the JMM when her husband was in jail. * Champai Soren -- The former CM, who took over the reign of the state after Hemant Soren's arrest, won the Seraikela seat on a BJP ticket by 20,447 votes. It is the only seat reserved for Scheduled Tribes that the BJP won in this assembly election. He had to quit the CM's post after Hemant Soren was released from jail on bail in June, and eventually, he joined the BJP, expressing discontent with the JMM. * Nisat Alam -- The wife of former Jharkhand minister Alamgir Alam, who was arrested by the Enforcement Directorate in a money laundering case, won the Pakur seat by the highest margin of 86,029 votes. Several central leaders had targeted Alamgir Alam, taken into custody by the ED on May 15, during their public rallies, urging people to "throw out corrupt forces like him". * Jharkhand Loktantrik Krantikari Morcha (JLKM) -- A new force in the political arena of the state, it bagged one seat but made its presence felt in several constituencies. Its founder Jairam Mahato, a Kurmi leader, won the Dumri seat by 10,945 votes. Its campaign focussed on local languages and culture, and unemployment among the youth. Losers * Sudesh Mahto -- The AJSU Party supremo lost the Silli seat to JMM's Amit Kumar by a margin of 23,867 votes. His party contested 10 seats and managed to win only one, that too by a wafer-thin margin of 231 votes. AJSU Party's Nirmal Mahto bagged the Mandu seat, defeating Jai Prakash Bhai Patel of the Congress. * Amar Bauri -- The leader of the opposition came at the third spot in the Chandankiyari seat in Bokaro district. JMM's Umakant Rajak won the constituency by a margin of 33,733 votes, defeating Arjun Rajwar of the JLKM. In the 2019 assembly polls, Bauri defeated Rajak, who contested the seat on an AJSU Party ticket. Rajak switched to JMM ahead of this election after the Chandankiyari seat went to the BJP as per the seat-sharing arrangement within the NDA. * Banna Gupta -- The Congress leader who was the health minister in the outgoing government lost to veteran politician Saryu Roy in the Jamshedpur West seat by 7,863 votes. Roy fought this election on a JD(U) ticket. * Biranchi Narayan -- The BJP chief whip in the last assembly lost to Congress candidate Shwettaa Singh in the Bokaro seat by a margin of 7,207 votes. He was a two-term MLA and campaigned in this election on the plank of development. * Mithilesh Thakur -- The senior JMM leader who held several portfolios in the outgoing government, including Drinking Water & Sanitation and Art & Culture, lost to BJP's Satyendra Nath Tiwari by 16,753 votes in the Garhwa seat. (This story has not been edited by THE WEEK and is auto-generated from PTI)
The 49ers will do everything they can to finish the 2024 season with a 9-8 record but coach Kyle Shanahan isn’t thinking beyond that. A 12-6 loss to the Los Angeles Rams all but ended their playoff aspirations with games at Miami, at home against Detroit and the regular-season finale in Arizona still to play. For a team that had played in the NFC Championship Game four out of the last five years and played in two Super Bowls, it’s a huge letdown. “I’ll talk about 2025 when we get to 2025,” Shanahan said in a conference call with local media Friday. “But you have hope every year. You put together the best team possible, you go and practice and you go out there and you battle. So that’s what we do every single offseason. “You figure out how to get the best players possible through free agency and the Draft, you try to keep your best players as possible, you go to work and you show up for Week One.” The 49ers are coming to grips with being an also-ran. The reasons for the 49ers’ slide go much further than making a bad choice last offseason to bring in linebacker De’Vondre Campbell as a temporary replacement for Dre Greenlaw, who was rehabbing a torn Achilles. The 49ers are working through the process of removing Campbell from the roster either through suspension or release after he declined to play against the Rams. One thing Shanahan has no intention of doing is questioning his team’s want-to and preparation, even of those qualities have resulted in something foreign for the 49ers in terms of playing clean football. “I thought our guys showed up ready to play,” Shanahan said. “I thought we battled and a few key plays were the difference in the game. But I thought our guys sold out and I expect them to sell out the next three games.” While the 49ers’ commitment wasn’t an issue other than Campbell, their execution and playmaking was a huge problem on offense. The 49ers gained 191 yards of total offense, the second-lowest number since Shanahan arrived in 2017 and took control of the offense. It’s only the second time the 49ers failed to gain 200 yards of offense in 141 games with Shanahan as head coach. The only time they gained fewer yards was a 31-7 loss to Philadelphia in the NFC Championship game played for more than three quarters without a viable quarterback since Brock Purdy (elbow) and Josh Johnson (concussion) were injured and Purdy had to re-enter the game unable to pass. The 49ers were so anemic against the Rams they failed to reach the red zone just one week after going 5-for-6 in a 38-13 win over the Chicago Bears. Asked if he could ever remember that happening as a play-caller, Shanahan said, “I’m not sure. I’ve been doing this a long time.” On the 49ers’ second series, Purdy found tight end George Kittle for a 33-yard gain — the play set up a 53-yard field goal by Jake Moody for a 3-0 lead — and the 49ers didn’t have a snap that gained more than 18 yards the rest of the night. They averaged 3.6 yards per snap and were 3-for-12 on third-down conversions. “I know that we were averaging like three yards a play at halftime. I don’t know what it was after that,” Kittle said. “They came out with some funky looks once in a while, but I just thought as skill positions, whether it was tight end, quarterback, running back, fullback, wide receiver, I just thought we could have stepped up our game and played better and we didn’t. “ Purdy insisted there were plays there for the taking — rain or no rain. “The weather was the weather in the first half, but even with that, I think there were still some ops for us to convert on third down and move the chains,” Purdy said. “In the second half there were drives where we could’ve stayed on the field. I had to be better for this team and didn’t play my best.” GREENLAW’S RETURN Linebacker Dre Greenlaw’s return was an inspiration to Shanahan and his teammates, with the 49ers’ linebacker registering eight first half tackles and ranging sideline to sideline as if he’d never had a ruptured Achilles. He departed when his leg tightened up, with Monday bringing the news that it had more to do with fatigue than another injury. With the 49ers getting a mini-bye this weekend before visiting Miami in Week 16, Greenlaw could be good to go for another start. “He’s got some soreness. He’s day to day,” Shanahan said. It reminded Shanahan of Greenlaw in Year 3, when he had a groin injury in the opener that needed surgery, and other than 13 snaps in Week 11 against Minnesota, didn’t play again until the regular-season finale against the Rams when he had 12 tackles. “We needed to win that to go to the playoffs,” Shanahan said. “And that game, I thought he had one of the best games I’ve ever seen from linebacker play and it was looking a lot like that last night too. Exactly the same, it was just only a half a football, but it was amazing.” THE INJURY FRONT — Left tackle Trent Williams continues to heal slowly from an ankle injury but Shanahan hopes to get him in the lineup before the season is over. “He’s trying to get back, but it’s just been a frustrating injury for him,” Shanahan said. ” t hasn’t healed like he or we would like. Having these 10 more days before our next game, hopefully that gives a better chance” — Defensive end Nick Bosa emerged from the Rams game without any setbacks to his oblique/hip injuries. “It was awesome to get Nick back and he really helped us,” Shanahan said. “It was a good sign that they didn’t tell me about anything today.” — Linebacker Dee Winters is day to day with a neck injury. SNAP JUDGEMENTS 64: Linebacker Fred Warner, cornerback Deommodore Lenoir and cornerback Renardo Green each played all but one snap on defense. 60: One game after playing a career low 15 snaps, safety Ji’Ayir Brown played 60 snaps with Malik Mustapha missing the game with a chest injury. Brown came out of the game with a groin injury and is day to day. 54: Guards Aaron Banks and Dominick Puni, tackles Jaylon Moore and Colton McKivitz, center Jake Brendel and Purdy played every offensive snap. 51: Starting split end Jauan Jennings was targeted nine times from Purdy while missing just three snaps but had just two receptions for 31 yards. 41: The 75.9 percent figure of snap counts was the most for Isaac Guerendo in his rookie season after coming in questionable with a foot sprain. Backup Patrick Taylor Jr. played just three snaps. 30: Greenlaw made a remarkable return in his first game back from rupturing an Achilles tendon last Feb. 11. 26: Linebacker Demetrius Flannigan-Fowles, playing with a sore knee, played 26 snaps mostly after Greenlaw’s departure with Campbell refusing to enter the game. 10: Tashaun Gipson got his first work on defense since rejoining the 49ers on Nov. 7. 5: Edge rusher Ronald Beal Jr., who has had trouble getting traction as a pass rusher all season, played sparingly with Nick Bosa (47), Leonard Floyd (39) and Yetur Gross-Matos (31) getting the bulk of the work.
